Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood, on the walls of the blood vessels. The blood pressure remaining constantly high over time is a condition of hypertension. This can happen due to different reasons. It can occur when there is excess fluid in the body. Clogging or narrowing of blood vessels is another cause. It can be caused by kidney disease, probably caused by chronic diabetes. If the reason for the high blood pressure cannot be identified, it is known as essential hypertension. This is the most common case, followed by kidney (renal) disease. Usually people don’t have any symptoms, when they develop high blood pressure and hence might not be able to identify it.

Complications To The Kidney Due To High Blood Pressure

Kidney has a vital role in maintaining the blood pressure in the healthy range, by producing a hormone called renin. When the output of kidney is reduced, it will result in lower or no renin production. The main function of kidneys is to filter the waste particles like carcinogens from the blood stream. Kidneys also withdraw the extra fluid present in the blood stream. If this excess fluid is not taken away, then the workload of the heart increases, as it has to work more to pump the blood throughout the entire body. This will increase the blood pressure, as the blood vessels leading to and the ones in the kidney are damaged. As a result, less toxins and fluid will be filtered. Besides, it will lead to a viscous cycle of heart causing damage to the kidneys, which will in turn damage the heart resulting in ultimate death in many cases.

Some of the diseases caused by high blood pressure to renal/kidneys are

Glomerulosclerosis, a kidney malfunction caused by scarring of the glomeruli, resulting in kidney failure as there will be ineffective waste filtration.
Kidney Artery Aneurysm, an enlargement of weakened artery caused by the excessive pressure exerted by the coursing of blood. There will be life threatening internal bleeding, if the aneurysm ruptures.
End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) or kidney failure will necessitate dialysis or kidney transfer

Tips For Controlling Blood Pressure To Avoid Kidney Damage

Acquire knowledge about blood pressure.
Always follow the doctor’s direction and advice. Doctor will guide you on exercising, diet plan and medication. If you take medicines, do not miss the routine.
Keep fit and don’t exceed the standard weight for your age and height. Otherwise body fat will clog the blood vessels and increase the pressure on the heart.
Find out from your doctor, your intake of salt and sodium from food. Prepare a diet plan that includes vegetables, fruits, grains, as well as low fat diary products.
If you choose packaged food, then select them on the basis of their nutritional value. Eliminate food that has high sodium content.
Avoid imbibing alcohol or reduce its consumption drastically.
Develop a physical regime suitable to your fitness and age, with the help of your doctor. Exercise regularly.
Monitor your blood pressure consistently and constantly as prescribed by the doctor.
In patients with kidney failure, avoid/reduce blood pressure-lowering drugs that wil be excreted through the kidneys.

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